Journal of Rehman College of Dentistry

Revitalizing Research in Pakistan

2024-08-16T07:02:58+00:00

Comparison Of Oral Hygiene Practices Among Male and Female Students of A Medical Sciences Institute In Peshawar

2024-08-26T04:49:02+00:00

Aims: To determine and compare oral hygiene practices among male and female students in Ghazali Institute Peshawar

Methodology: Cross sectional study conducted in Ghazali Institute of Medical Sciences Peshawar with duration of six months and the sample size was 285 participates to investigate the oral hygiene practices.

Result: This study investigates oral hygiene practices among 285 undergraduate students at Ghazali Institute of Medical Sciences Peshawar, focusing on gender oral hygiene practices differences. Results reveal a high frequency of tooth brushing (97.9%) among all students, but females showed a higher adherence than male. Soft toothbrushes are predominant among both gender of students. One to two minutes given by both gender for brushing while variations in technique, male were using vertical and females were using combination of all technique for brushing. Other than toothbrush, miswak was mostly used by both genders.

Conclusion: The study highlights a predominant reliance on tooth brushing, particularly with soft toothbrushes, among the students. Gender differences and regional variations underscore the importance of tailored interventions for promoting consistent oral hygiene practices.

The Prevalence of Odontogenic Infections: An Analysis of Most Commonly Affected Teeth and Fascial Spaces

2024-10-01T07:49:23+00:00

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

The odontogenic infections of maxillofacial region are considered among the most common and alarming infections due to their incidence, origin, higher rate of morbidity and plausible mortality. In literature, variations and poor quality of evidence compelled us to ascertain the frequency of commonly involved teeth and fascial spaces in patients having odontogenic infections. The study will provide valuable insights into local patterns of these infections in study population emphasizing the importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment of odontogenic infections.

OBJECTIVE:

To ascertain the frequency of commonly involved teeth and fascial spaces in patients having odontogenic infections visiting Azra Naheed Dental college/Chaudhry Muhammad Akram Dental Hospital, Lahore

METHODOLOGY:

This descriptive cross sectional study was carried out at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Azra Naheed Dental College/Chaudhry Muhammad Akram Dental Hospital from June 2022 to February 2024. Non-probability consecutive sampling was used. Total 87 patients with odontogenic infection were enrolled in the study by using non-probability consecutive sampling method. A questionnaire was used to record demographic and clinical data which were purpose-built. An interview of duration 5-10 minutes was conducted to collect the demographic data. Detailed case history, intraoral examination and extraoral examination was performed for presence and identification of signs and symptoms such as pain, tooth mobility, tooth apice tenderness, intraoral swelling, extra oral swelling, fever, malaise, trismus, dysphagia, and dyspnea etc. The data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant

RESULTS:

In this study, symptoms of odontogenic infections of patients shows were 87(100%) pain, swelling 87(100%), fever in 46(52.87%), teeth involved shows 18(20.7%) upper teeth, 69(79.3%) lower, 18(20.7%) anterior, 69(79.3%) had posterior, 18(20.7%) had canine, 3^rd molar had 36(41.4%), spaces involved were submandibular in 41(47.1%).

CONCLUSION:

In this study pain, swelling, fever, and trismus were the commonest symptoms, dental caries as the commonest cause, teeth involved were lower, posterior and 3^rd molar with submandibular as the frequent space involved.

KEYWORDS:

Odontogenic infections, symptoms, teeth and spaces involved

Knowledge, attitude and practice of infection control measures among dentists of Peshawar Pakistan: A Cross sectional study

2024-09-26T06:17:22+00:00

Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of infection control measures in dentists in Peshawar Pakistan

Methodology: This was a cross sectional study. The data was collected from three hospitals and private clinics of Peshawar from The sample size were calculated as 218. Dentists of any age or any race of both genders were included in the study if they were with at least qualification of bachelor of dental surgery, practicing in Peshawar and having at least one year of clinical experience. The questionnaire used for data collection was adopted from a similar studies conducted in Karachi Pakistan and Saudi Arabia. Data was analyzed through SPSS.

Results: Total 218 (148 male and 70 female) dentists were included in the study. The mean age of the participants of was 32.66 ± 7.88 years. 99.1% were sterilizing instruments by autoclave. 94% believed that ineffective sterilization results in cross infections. 98% believed that isolation is necessary to prevent cross infection. 72% dentists thought that wearing gloves didn’t replace the need of hand wash. 98% were taking medical history of their patients before treatment. 88.1% and 96.8% were washing their hands before and after dealing with patients. 96.8% were using gloves and 88.1% were wearing face mask during treating their patients. 95% were using sterilized instruments.

Conclusion: Dentists in Peshawar have good knowledge regarding infection control. Majority of them showed positive attitude and were involved in good practice regarding infection control in their clinical setups.

Prevalence Of Periodontal Diseases (Gingivitis, Periodontitis) among the Adult’s Patient Visiting to Dental Section of District Headquarter (DHQ) Hospital, Landikotal, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2024-09-27T14:14:28+00:00

Introduction

Periodontal disease, a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the periodontium, progresses to an advanced stage marked by the loss of periodontal ligament and destruction of nearby alveolar bone. The two most common periodontal diseases are gingivitis and periodontitis. Gingivitis is a mild form of periodontal disease and is characterized as the presence of gingival bleeding at least at one site. While a condition that affects teeth and the tissues that support them is called periodontitis.

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of periodontal disease (gingivitis and periodontitis) among individuals above 15 years of age.

Materials and methods:

The observational cross-sectional study was conducted in DHQ, Hospital of District Khyber from June to November 20. A total of 384 patients (150 males and 234 females) of above 15 years of age were randomly selected as study participants. Based on the clinical examination data and filled questionnaire the study subjects were categorized either into gingivitis or periodontitis.

Results

Frequency distribution and percentage were calculated. Among 384 patients, 169 (44%) had gingivitis and 147 (38.2%) had periodontitis and 68 (17.7%) had no disease. In gender wise comparison, among 234 females, 113 (48.3%) had gingivitis and 74 (31.6%) had periodontitis. Among 150 males, 56 (37.3%) had gingivitis and 71 (47.3%) had periodontitis. Also, association with age was assessed, gingivitis was more in age group of 15-25 years 63 (65.6%) and decreased as age increased while periodontitis was more in age group 46 to 55 years 30 (76.9%) and increased as the age increased.

Conclusion

In the given population, a greater proportion of individuals were affected by gingivitis, with a prevalence rate of 44%, as opposed to periodontitis, which had a prevalence rate of 38.3%. Moreover, the occurrence of gingivitis was more common among females, while periodontitis was more prevalent among males.

Association of Dental Caries and Sugar Consumption in Children Aged 5-12 Visiting Hospital in District Peshawar

2024-09-27T14:21:37+00:00

Background and Objectives:

Dental caries, a prevalent chronic disease, significantly affects children worldwide, leading to discomfort and impacting their quality of life. This study attempts to look at the link children's dental cavities and sugar intake aged 5-12 years visiting a hospital in the Peshawar district, Pakistan.

Methodology:

This observational cross-sectional study included 200 children from the dental outpatient department of a major hospital in Peshawar. Clinical examinations assessed dental caries using standardized WHO diagnostic criteria. Data on sugar consumption and other variables were collected through dietary surveys and structured questionnaires. Statistical analysis was performed to look at the association between sugar intake and dental caries, controlling for potential confounding factors.

Results:

The study found a high prevalence of dental caries (68%) among the participants, with an average daily sugar intake of 50 grams, significantly higher than WHO recommendations. There was a notable positive association found between the severity of dental caries and sugar consumption (p < 0.001). An increased incidence of dental caries was shown to be independently correlated with higher sugar consumption (OR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.8-3.4).

Conclusion:

The findings highlight the critical role of dietary sugars in initiating dental caries among children in Peshawar. Public health interventions are urgently needed to reduce sugar intake, promote better oral hygiene practices, and improve access to preventive dental care services. These measures are essential for lowering the burden of dental caries and improving the overall well-being of children in the region.